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Related Experiment Videos

Accelerated regulatory gene evolution in an adaptive radiation.

M Barrier1, R H Robichaux, M D Purugganan

  • 1Department of Genetics, Box 7614, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Rapid morphological evolution in adaptive radiations may be driven by accelerated evolution in regulatory genes, not just structural genes. This study examined floral and photosynthetic genes in Hawaiian silversword plants.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Molecular evolution
  • Plant adaptive radiation

Background:

  • The disparity between morphological and molecular evolution rates is a paradox.
  • Morphological evolution may stem from regulatory gene diversification.
  • Phenotypic evolution might correlate with regulatory gene divergence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the conjecture that morphological evolution correlates with regulatory gene divergence.
  • To examine regulatory gene evolution rates in species with rapid morphological diversification.
  • To compare regulatory and structural gene evolution in Hawaiian silversword alliance species.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated homologues of Arabidopsis floral regulatory genes (ASAP3/TM6, ASAP1) and a photosynthetic structural gene (ASCAB9).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared gene evolution rates in Hawaiian silversword species versus North American tarweeds.
  • Conducted molecular evolutionary analyses of nucleotide substitution rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant increases in nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rates observed in ASAP3/TM6 and ASAP1 regulatory genes in Hawaiian species.
    • No general increase in neutral mutation rates for these regulatory loci in Hawaiian species.
    • Increased nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rates also seen in ASCAB9 structural gene, but less pronounced than in regulatory genes.

    Conclusions:

    • Accelerated regulatory gene evolution may accompany rapid morphological diversification in adaptive radiations.
    • Significantly faster regulatory gene evolution in Hawaiian species could be due to allopolyploidy or selection.
    • Findings support the hypothesis that regulatory gene divergence drives phenotypic evolution during adaptive radiation.