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Is attract-and-kill technology potent against insecticide-resistant Lepidoptera?
D Poullot1, D Beslay, J C Bouvier
1UMR INRA-UAPV Ecologie des Invertébrés, Site Agroparc, F 84914 Avignon, France.
Pest Management Science
|August 24, 2001
Summary
Insecticide resistance in codling moths (Cydia pomonella) can reduce the effectiveness of attract-and-kill pest control methods. Resistance to pyrethroids significantly impacts moth mortality when exposed to attracticide formulations.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Entomology
- Insect Pest Management
- Chemical Ecology
Background:
- Attract-and-kill strategies combine attractants with insecticides for pest control.
- Insecticide resistance can potentially compromise the efficacy of these integrated pest management (IPM) approaches.
- Pleiotropic effects of resistance mechanisms may interfere with pheromone perception in Lepidopteran pests.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of attract-and-kill formulations against codling moths (Cydia pomonella).
- To assess whether resistance to insecticides affects the attractiveness of pheromone-based attractants.
- To evaluate the contact toxicity of an attracticide formulation on susceptible and resistant codling moth strains.
Main Methods:
- Wind tunnel experiments were used to compare codlemone (sex pheromone component) attractiveness on susceptible and resistant codling moth strains.
- Contact toxicity assays were performed using a commercial attracticide (codlemone + permethrin) on filter paper, glass, and wood supports.
- Resistance ratios to pyrethroids were determined for three selected strains (diflubenzuron, deltamethrin, azinphos-methyl).
Main Results:
- Codlemone attractiveness did not differ significantly between susceptible and resistant codling moth strains.
- The deltamethrin-selected strain showed high resistance to pyrethroids (up to 138-fold).
- Attracticide efficacy was reduced on resistant strains, particularly the deltamethrin-resistant strain, on a wooden support (58-fold greater LT50).
- Mortality of the deltamethrin-resistant strain was below 40% after 48 hours.
- The absorbent nature of filter paper significantly increased LT50 values for the deltamethrin-resistant strain (1021-fold).
Conclusions:
- Insecticide resistance, particularly to pyrethroids, can significantly reduce the effectiveness of attract-and-kill formulations against codling moths.
- The choice of insecticide in attract-and-kill formulations must consider the existing resistance profile of the target pest population.
- Integrating insecticide resistance management principles, such as alternating control methods, is crucial for the long-term success of attract-and-kill technology.