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[Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses in neonates treated with exogenous surfactants]
Insights
This study investigated lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant defense (AOD) in preterm infants treated with exogenous surfactant. Results suggest high LPO and low AOD may indicate poor prognosis in these infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Biochemistry
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Preterm infants with respiratory insufficiency often experience oxidative stress.
- Exogenous surfactant therapy is crucial for managing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
- Understanding the interplay of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant defense (AOD) is vital in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant defense (AOD) parameters in preterm infants receiving exogenous surfactant.
- To determine the impact of surfactant therapy on LPO and AOD markers.
- To identify potential reasons for inadequate clinical response to surfactant treatment.
Main Methods:
- Studied 60 preterm infants with severe respiratory insufficiency.
- Monitored parameters including lipid peroxidation potential (LPOP), non-enzymic antioxidant activity (AOA), and serum markers.
- Administered exogenous surfactant (Alveofact) to a subgroup of 10 infants.
Main Results:
- Infants receiving surfactant showed lower baseline LPOP and higher non-enzymic AOA.
- These changes were associated with severe forms of respiratory distress syndrome.
- Two doses of surfactant did not alter systemic LPO and AOD indices over time.
Conclusions:
- High LPOP and low enzymic AOD in preterm infants with severe lung conditions may contribute to surfactant deficiency.
- These biochemical imbalances could explain poor response to exogenous surfactant therapy and adverse prognoses.
- Further research into managing oxidative stress in conjunction with surfactant therapy is warranted.
Abstract:
Certain parameters were studied associated with lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant defense (AOD) in those newborn infants having been treated with the exogenous surfactant Alveofact (Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany). Kept under medical surveillance were 60 preterm infants presenting with primary pulmonary pathology and severe respiratory insufficiency aged 35 hours old. Of these, ten babies (the main group) received two dosages of the above drug, with the mean age at administration having been 17.36 +/- 6.54 hours. The time-related course was studied of the following parameters--lipid peroxidation potential (LPOP), non-enzymic antioxidant activity (AOA), blood serum content of lipid hydroperoxides, uric acid, bilirubin, iron, catalase and lactatedehydrogenase activities. Those babies having been given the surfactant demonstrated significantly lower LPOP basic level and higher non-enzymic AOA in the blood serum, which fact was related, in the first place, to a high incidence of grave forms of respiratory distress syndrome. The administration of two doses of the surfactant with a therapeutic purpose had no effect on subsequent systemic indices for LPO and AOD. It has been found out that high LPOP and low enzymic AOD in preterm infants presenting with grave primary affliction of the lungs can be one of reasons for development of surfactant-deficient states, and account for an inadequate clinical effect of exogenous surfactant drugs and for a poor prognosis.