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Risk taking by adolescents with maladaptive behavior histories.

S D Lane1, D R Cherek

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas--Houston Health Science Center, 77030, USA. scott.d.lane@uth.tmc.edu

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology
|August 25, 2001
PubMed
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High-risk adolescents, defined by conduct disorder and substance use, exhibit greater risk-taking behavior and lower earnings in decision-making tasks. These findings mirror those observed in high-risk adults.

Area of Science:

  • Adolescent psychology
  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Developmental psychopathology

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for developing decision-making skills.
  • Maladaptive behaviors in adolescents, including substance use and conduct disorder, are associated with impaired executive functions.
  • Understanding risk-taking behavior in high-risk adolescents is crucial for intervention development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate risk-taking behavior in adolescents with histories of maladaptive behaviors.
  • To compare the decision-making patterns of high-risk adolescents with control adolescents.
  • To examine whether adolescent findings replicate previous observations in high-risk adults.

Main Methods:

  • A laboratory experiment was conducted with "high-risk" adolescents (substance use disorder, conduct disorder, criminal history, school dropout) and control adolescents (ages 15-17).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants completed a risk-taking task involving choices between risky options (low probability of large reward/high probability of loss) and non-risky options (protected earnings).
  • Measures included choice frequency of risky options, overall monetary earnings, and response persistence after gains.

    • Main Results:

    • High-risk adolescents selected the risky option significantly more often than control adolescents.
    • High-risk adolescents incurred lower overall monetary earnings due to frequent losses from risky choices.
    • Adolescents identified as high-risk demonstrated increased persistence in making losing risky choices, especially after experiencing a single gain.

    Conclusions:

    • Adolescents with a history of maladaptive behaviors exhibit heightened risk-taking tendencies.
    • These findings suggest that impaired decision-making in risk assessment and response inhibition are present in high-risk adolescents.
    • The observed patterns of risk-taking behavior in high-risk adolescents are consistent with those previously reported in adult populations, indicating developmental continuity.