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Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
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Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...

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Related Experiment Video

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A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
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A relationship between RP4 plasmid acquisition and phenotypic changes in Pseudomonas fluorescens R2fN.

A Zgoda1, P Chablain, D Mater

  • 1UMR 6022 du CNRS, Laboratoire de Technologie Enzymatique, UTC, Compiègne, France.

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
|August 25, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Pseudomonas fluorescens strain R2fN gained aggregation traits when carrying the RP4 plasmid. This plasmid transfer also altered cell surface properties, making them more hydrophilic.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Physiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pseudomonas fluorescens is a common soil bacterium with diverse physiological behaviors.
  • Understanding bacterial aggregation and surface properties is crucial for ecological and biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological changes in Pseudomonas fluorescens strain R2fN upon acquiring the broad-host range plasmid RP4.
  • To identify and characterize distinct aggregation phenotypes (Agr- and Agr+) in wild-type and transconjugant strains.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of physiological behavior between wild-type Pseudomonas fluorescens R2fN and its transconjugants carrying the RP4 plasmid.
  • Observation of macroscopic aggregate formation in liquid media.
  • Bacterial adherence to hydrocarbon (BATH) test to assess cell surface hydrophobicity.

Main Results:

  • Two aggregation phenotypes were identified: Agr- (wild type) and Agr+ (transconjugants).
  • Transconjugant cells [R2fN(RP4)] exhibited the Agr+ phenotype, forming macroscopic aggregates.
  • Transconjugant cells showed increased hydrophilicity, while wild-type R2fN cells were hydrophobic.

Conclusions:

  • Acquisition of the RP4 plasmid correlates with the emergence of the Agr+ aggregation phenotype in Pseudomonas fluorescens R2fN.
  • Plasmid transfer significantly alters bacterial surface properties, influencing cell adherence and aggregation.