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Bacterial flagella and type III secretion systems.

S I Aizawa1

  • 1Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, 320-8551, Utsunomiya, Japan. aizawa@nasu.bio.teikyo-u.ac.jp

FEMS Microbiology Letters
|August 25, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Pathogenic bacteria use type III secretion systems (T3SS) to export virulence proteins. Comparing protein physico-chemical properties helps identify T3SS homologs, even with low sequence identity.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis
  • Protein Homology

Background:

  • Certain pathogenic bacteria employ type III secretion systems (T3SS) for virulence protein export, independent of the general secretion (Sec) pathway.
  • The T3SS needle complex shares structural similarities with bacterial flagella, indicating a potential evolutionary link.
  • Several proteins are conserved between T3SS and flagellar systems, exhibiting high sequence homology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for identifying homologous proteins within type III secretion systems.
  • To explore the utility of physico-chemical properties in identifying T3SS protein homologs, particularly when sequence identity is low.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of protein structures and sequences between type III secretion systems and flagella.
  • Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of conserved and non-conserved proteins across different species.
  • Bioinformatic approaches to identify homologous proteins based on shared physico-chemical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Significant structural and protein homology exists between the type III secretion needle complex and flagella.
  • Even with low amino acid sequence identity among flagellar proteins from various species, their physico-chemical properties remain conserved.
  • This conservation of physico-chemical properties provides a basis for identifying homologous proteins in T3SS.

Conclusions:

  • The conserved physico-chemical properties of proteins, despite variations in sequence identity, are a reliable indicator of homology between T3SS and flagellar systems.
  • This finding facilitates the identification and characterization of unknown proteins involved in type III secretion.
  • Understanding these homologies enhances our knowledge of bacterial virulence mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

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