Selection of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy: patient communication and counseling issues

Oral contraceptives and combination hormone replacement therapy are underused by most women. Among users, lack of compliance/adherence to oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapy regimens can lead to discontinuation and deprive women of the full range of benefits achieved through hormone continuity. To prevent unintended pregnancy and to improve the health outcomes of women of all ages and the overall quality of life, adherence and continuation rates need to be improved for oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy use. Effective communication and counseling during the oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy regimen selection process and subsequent follow-up interactions are essential. Patients need to be informed in a clear and concise manner that, for most women, the benefits of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy outweigh any associated health risks. Data should be presented without epidemiologic jargon and in terms that are easily understood. It is recommended that realistic expectations concerning the possible side effects, especially during the initial use of hormones, are established before use; furthermore, the selection of a formulation should take into account the unique needs of each patient.