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Tension decline during isometric contractions without visual cues.

W M Abraham, A B Craig

    Medicine and Science in Sports
    |January 11, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Maintaining handgrip contractions is harder without visual feedback, leading to tension decline. This decline is not solely due to muscle fatigue but may involve sensory adaptation and ischemia.

    Area of Science:

    • Human Physiology
    • Motor Control
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • Maintaining sustained isometric muscle contractions requires continuous motor output.
    • Visual feedback is often used to aid in maintaining target contraction levels.
    • The precise mechanisms underlying tension decline without visual cues are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the factors contributing to tension decline during isometric handgrip contractions without visual feedback.
    • To differentiate the roles of muscle fatigue and sensory feedback in this phenomenon.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects performed isometric handgrip contractions at various percentages of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) with and without visual feedback.
    • Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to measure electrical activity in forearm muscles.

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  • Hand cooling was employed to assess the role of sensory input.

    • Main Results:

    • Tension decline occurred significantly during uncued (no visual feedback) contractions compared to cued contractions.
    • Tension decline followed different mathematical models (Ae-alpha t, Be-beta t, or Ae-alpha t + Be-beta t) depending on contraction intensity.
    • sEMG activity did not increase proportionally with tension decline, suggesting it wasn't solely muscle fatigue.
    • Cooling the hand did not systematically alter the tension decline, minimizing the role of peripheral sensory input.

    Conclusions:

    • The decline in isometric handgrip tension without visual cues is multifactorial.
    • A fast component of tension decline may involve sensory adaptation, potentially related to Golgi tendon organs.
    • A slow component is attributed to forearm muscle fatigue, exacerbated by ischemia during sustained contractions.