Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 31, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Deletion of a coordinate regulator of type 2 cytokine expression in mice
M Mohrs1, C M Blankespoor, Z E Wang
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Abstract:
Mechanisms that underlie the patterning of cytokine expression in T helper (T(H)) cell subsets remain incompletely defined. An evolutionarily conserved approximately 400-bp noncoding sequence in the intergenic region between the genes Il4 and Il13, designated conserved noncoding sequence 1 (CNS-1), was deleted in mice. The capacity to develop T(H)2 cells was compromised in vitro and in vivo in the absence of CNS-1. Despite the profound effect in T cells, mast cells from CNS-1(-/-) mice maintained their capacity to produce interleukin 4. A T cell-specific element critical for the optimal expression of type 2 cytokines may represent the evolution of a regulatory sequence exploited by adaptive immunity.
Related Concept Videos
In-vitro Mutagenesis
Master Transcription Regulators
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
TGF - β Signaling Pathway

