Initial outcomes of coronary angioplasty in diabetic patients

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Diabetology

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).
• Diabetic patients often experience poorer prognoses following coronary revascularization procedures.
• Limited prospective data exists on the outcomes of diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in Thailand.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the demographic characteristics of diabetic (DM) versus non-diabetic (non-DM) patients undergoing PTCA.
• To evaluate and compare the initial clinical outcomes between DM and non-DM patients post-PTCA.
• To assess major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and mortality rates in both groups.

Main Methods:

• Prospective study conducted in Thailand from January 1993 to December 1998.
• Data collected from 812 patients (280 DM, 532 non-DM) undergoing PTCA.
• Demographic data, procedural details, and in-hospital outcomes were recorded.

Main Results:

• Diabetic patients were more likely to be female, older, less likely to smoke, and had higher rates of dyslipidemia and hypertension.
• Key procedural factors like left ventricular ejection fraction, PTCA indication, vessel size, and number of diseased vessels were similar between groups.
• Case success rates (93.9% DM vs. 92.3% non-DM), in-hospital mortality (0.7% DM vs. 0.6% non-DM), and MACE (1.4% DM vs. 1.9% non-DM) were not significantly different.

Conclusions:

• While demographic differences exist between diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing PTCA, initial outcomes are comparable.
• PTCA demonstrates similar efficacy and safety in diabetic and non-diabetic populations regarding success rates, MACE, and mortality.
• This study provides valuable prospective data from Thailand on PTCA outcomes in diabetic patients.