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On specification and the senses.

T A Stoffregen1, B G Bardy

  • 1Division of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. tas@umn.edu

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|September 4, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Perception may not be divided into separate senses. Instead, a global array of higher-order energy relations specifies motion, challenging traditional and ecological theories of perception.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Ecological Psychology
  • Physics

Background:

  • Traditional theories assume perception is divided into distinct sensory domains (vision, hearing, etc.).
  • This division impacts theories of perception and understanding of ambient energy arrays.
  • The relationship between energy arrays and physical reality is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the assumption of separate sensory domains in perception.
  • To analyze hypotheses regarding the relationship between ambient energy arrays and physical reality.
  • To explore the implications for theories of perception and cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing theories on sensory perception.
  • Analysis of three hypotheses on ambient energy arrays and physical reality.
  • Examination of the physics of motion and its relation to perceptual information.

Main Results:

  • A unique relation between physical motion and individual energy arrays is not possible.
  • Physical motion is specified by higher-order relations across different energy forms in a 'global array'.
  • Specificity exists in the global array, supporting direct perception.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of separate senses is questioned.
  • Direct perception, specified by the global array, challenges inference-based and traditional ecological approaches.
  • A unified approach to perception, integrating across energy arrays, is proposed.

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