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Related Experiment Videos

Even-harmonic generation due to beyond-Born-Oppenheimer dynamics.

T Kreibich1, M Lein, V Engel

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|September 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Unequal nuclear masses in HD molecules generate even harmonic generation during strong laser pulses, an effect missed by the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. These even harmonics are comparable in strength to odd harmonics at high frequencies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Molecular physics
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • High harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process in nonlinear optics.
  • The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is a standard approach in molecular physics, but it has limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the harmonic spectrum generated by a model HD molecule in a strong laser pulse.
  • To explore the role of unequal nuclear masses in high harmonic generation.
  • To determine if the Born-Oppenheimer approximation can capture this effect.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical calculation of the harmonic spectrum.
  • Modeling a hydrogen-deuterium (HD) molecule interacting with a strong laser field.

Main Results:

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  • The model HD molecule emitted even harmonics, which are photon frequencies that are even multiples of the laser frequency.
  • This even harmonic emission was not observed within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.
  • In the high-frequency range, the intensity of even harmonics was comparable to that of odd harmonics.

Conclusions:

  • Unequal nuclear masses in molecules are crucial for understanding high harmonic generation.
  • The Born-Oppenheimer approximation is insufficient to describe phenomena involving nuclear motion, such as even harmonic generation.
  • This finding opens new avenues for controlling and utilizing high harmonic generation for molecular studies.