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The human mast cell: functions in physiology and disease
G Krishnaswamy1, J Kelley, D Johnson
1The Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee 37614-1709, USA. krishnas@etsu.edu
Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|September 5, 2001
Summary
Mast cells are key immune cells involved in inflammation and host defense. They release mediators that contribute to various diseases, but can be inhibited by certain drugs.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Mast cells are multifunctional immune cells originating from bone marrow progenitors.
- They differentiate into subsets (MCT, MCTC) with distinct mediator profiles.
- Mast cells are activated by diverse stimuli, leading to mediator release and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of mast cells in health and disease.
- To highlight mast cell involvement in inflammatory conditions and host defense.
- To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting mast cell activity.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on mast cell biology and function.
- Analysis of mast cell involvement in various pathological conditions.
- Examination of the effects of pharmacological agents on mast cells.
Main Results:
- Mast cells secrete a wide array of mediators (histamine, proteases, cytokines) crucial for inflammation.
- They play roles in diseases like atherosclerosis, asthma, and arthritis.
- Mast cells are vital for pathogen defense but can exacerbate disease.
Conclusions:
- Mast cells are central players in inflammatory responses and host defense.
- Their dysregulation contributes to diverse diseases.
- Pharmacological inhibition of mast cell degranulation offers therapeutic potential.