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Related Experiment Videos

Infection of nondividing cells by Rous sarcoma virus.

T Hatziioannou1, S P Goff

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Journal of Virology
|September 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Rous sarcoma virus infects non-dividing cells more efficiently than murine leukemia virus but less than human immunodeficiency virus. Viral DNA nuclear entry ability correlates with infection efficiency in these cells.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Understanding viral infection mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral therapies.
  • Non-dividing cells present unique challenges for viral entry and replication.
  • Different retroviruses exhibit varying efficiencies in infecting various cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly compare the infectivity of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), murine leukemia virus (MLV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in non-dividing cells.
  • To investigate the correlation between viral DNA nuclear entry and infection efficiency in aphidicolin-arrested cells.
  • To elucidate the factors governing retroviral infection of quiescent cells.

Main Methods:

  • Aphidicolin was used to arrest cells in the cell cycle, creating a population of non-dividing cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Direct comparison of infection efficiency of RSV, MLV, and HIV in these arrested cells.
  • Analysis of viral DNA nuclear entry for each virus under the same experimental conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Rous sarcoma virus demonstrated 10-fold higher infection efficiency than murine leukemia virus in non-dividing cells.
    • Human immunodeficiency virus exhibited the highest infection efficiency among the three viruses.
    • A strong positive correlation was observed between the ability of viral DNA to enter the nucleus and the efficiency of cell infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral DNA nuclear translocation is a critical determinant of retroviral infection efficiency in non-dividing cells.
    • The distinct nuclear entry capabilities of RSV, MLV, and HIV explain their differential infectivity in quiescent cells.
    • These findings provide insights into the host-pathogen interactions governing viral spread in non-proliferating cell populations.