Abdominal compartment syndrome after mesenteric revascularization

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) results from increased pressure within the abdominal cavity leading to multisystem organ dysfunction. The most common cause of ACS is increased intraperitoneal volume from any source, but extrinsic compression can also cause increased intra-abdominal pressure. Although ACS has been well described in patients with trauma, little has been reported on ACS in postoperative patients without traumatic injuries. We report on a patient who had acute ACS 2 days after surgical revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia. With appropriate treatment, the patient made a rapid and complete recovery. We present this case of acute ACS in the postoperative patient without trauma to increase awareness and help minimize death caused by this devastating syndrome.