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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
08:43

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation

Published on: May 31, 2016

Widespread tuberculous calcification.

M Q Khan1, A Q Al-Qahtani, S Al-Momen

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Dammam Central Hospital, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. qaseemkhan@hotmail.com

Saudi Medical Journal
|September 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This case report details extensive abdominal calcifications in lymph nodes, a rare finding potentially linked to prior tuberculosis. The exact cause remains undetermined, highlighting a unique clinical presentation.

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Published on: February 4, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Abdominal calcifications can arise from various etiologies, including infections, metabolic disorders, and neoplastic processes.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a known cause of lymph node calcification, typically presenting in thoracic or abdominal lymph nodes.
  • Widespread abdominal lymph node calcification is uncommon, particularly without a clear identifiable cause.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with extensive, widespread calcifications within the abdominal mesentery, liver, and spleen.
  • Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed multiple, hard, encapsulated calcified masses with significant adhesions involving the bowel and mesentery.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed calcified lymph nodes but could not elucidate the specific pathogenesis.

Findings:

  • The primary finding is extensive abdominal lymph node calcification, a rare presentation.
  • The pathogenesis of these widespread calcifications could not be definitively determined.
  • A diagnosis of post-tuberculous calcification of lymph nodes was made by exclusion, suggesting a possible link to a prior, undiagnosed tuberculous infection.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering post-tuberculous lymphadenitis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained abdominal calcifications.
  • The extensive nature of the calcifications and adhesions presents a unique surgical and diagnostic challenge.
  • Further research may be needed to understand the specific mechanisms leading to such widespread calcification in the absence of active infection.