Plant gene expression response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens

To elucidate the nature of plant response to infection and transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, we compared the cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) pattern of Agrobacterium- and mock-inoculated Ageratum conyzoides plant cell cultures. From 16,000 cDNA fragments analyzed, 251 (1.6%) were differentially regulated (0.5% down-regulated) 48 h after cocultivation with Agrobacterium. From 75 strongly regulated fragments, 56 were already regulated 24 h after cocultivation. Sequence similarities were obtained for 20 of these fragments, and reverse transcription-PCR analysis was carried out with seven to confirm their cDNA-AFLP differential pattern. Their sequence similarities suggest a role for these genes in signal perception, transduction, and plant defense. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis indicated that four genes involved in defense response are regulated in a similar manner by nonpathogenic bacteria, whereas one gene putatively involved in signal transduction appeared to respond more strongly to Agrobacterium. A nodulin-like gene was regulated only by Agrobacterium. These results demonstrate a rapid plant cell response to Agrobacterium infection, which overlaps a general response to bacteria but also has Agrobacterium-specific features.