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Related Experiment Videos

Vertebral age changes in Japanese macaques.

M Nakai1

  • 1Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan. nakai@pri.kyoto-u.ac.jp

American Journal of Physical Anthropology
|September 6, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Vertebral maturation in Japanese macaques shows epiphyseal union completes by age 23, with variations by spinal region. Human vertebral maturation is notably faster, potentially linked to bipedal locomotion.

Area of Science:

  • Vertebral development and aging
  • Primate skeletal maturation
  • Comparative anatomy

Background:

  • Understanding skeletal maturation is crucial for interpreting fossil records and evolutionary biology.
  • Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata fuscata) provide a valuable model for studying primate skeletal development due to their known chronological ages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the timing and patterns of vertebral epiphyseal union and degenerative changes in Japanese macaques.
  • To compare the vertebral maturation process in Japanese macaques with other primate species, including humans.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic examination of 103 Japanese macaque skeletons (ages 6-23 years).
  • Assessment of epiphyseal union between vertebral bodies and epiphyseal disks (annular epiphysis).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of degenerative changes in the vertebrae.

    • Main Results:

    • Vertebral epiphyseal union progresses at different rates across spinal regions: rapid in sacral/cervical, moderate in lumbar, slow in thoracic.
    • Epiphyseal union typically begins around age 6 and completes by age 23, with significant individual variation.
    • Degenerative changes were minimal in the studied sample.

    Conclusions:

    • Vertebral maturation in Japanese macaques follows a predictable, age-dependent pattern with regional variations.
    • Humans exhibit a significantly shortened duration of vertebral maturation compared to macaques.
    • Accelerated human vertebral maturation may be an adaptation for supporting erect posture and bipedal locomotion.