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Related Experiment Videos

Physical effects at the cellular level under altered gravity conditions.

P Todd1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80303.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Cellular functions change in altered gravity environments. Changes in extracellular fluid flow, driven by convection and diffusion, influence how cells respond to these modified inertial conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Gravitational Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cellular functions are modified by altered inertial acceleration (e.g., centrifugation, space flight).
  • Clinorotation affects inertial acceleration, convection, hydrostatic pressure, sedimentation, and shear stress, impacting extracellular transport.
  • Cellular communication relies on transport of signaling molecules via convection (in vitro) or circulatory/ciliary action (in vivo).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how altered inertial acceleration affects cellular functions in vitro.
  • To understand the role of extracellular transport mechanisms, particularly convection and diffusion, in cellular responses to modified gravity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies involving centrifugation, clinorotation, and space flight on animal cell cultures.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Cell BiologyNASA Discipline Number 00-00NASA Program FlightNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of variables affected by clinorotation, including inertial acceleration and fluid dynamics.
  • Calculation of the Peclet number to quantify the ratio of convective to diffusive transport.

    • Main Results:

    • Altered inertial acceleration significantly modifies cellular functions in vitro.
    • Microgravity conditions abolish convective flow, making diffusion the primary mode of extracellular macromolecule transport.
    • Changes in extracellular convective flow are a potential factor in some cellular responses to modified inertial environments.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular convective flow is a critical factor influencing cell behavior under altered gravity.
    • Understanding transport processes is essential for interpreting cellular responses in gravitational biology.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms linking modified inertial environments to cellular function.