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Related Experiment Videos

Radioprotection by metals: selenium.

J F Weiss1, V Srinivasan, K S Kumar

  • 1Radiation Biochemistry Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20889-5145, USA.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Selenium compounds like sodium selenite and selenomethionine show potential for radioprotection against acute radiation exposure. Selenomethionine offers better survival rates and lower toxicity compared to sodium selenite.

Area of Science:

  • Space Medicine
  • Radiation Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • High-dose acute radiation exposure poses risks in space.
  • Existing radioprotective agents have limitations in efficacy, toxicity, or duration.
  • Metals offer minimal radioprotection (DRF ≤ 1.2).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the radioprotective potential of selenium (Se) compounds.
  • To compare the efficacy and toxicity of sodium selenite and selenomethionine.
  • To explore combinations of Se with other radioprotectors.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were injected with sodium selenite or selenomethionine before or after 60Co irradiation.
  • Equitoxic doses (one-fourth LD10) of Se compounds were administered.
  • Survival rates and toxicity (lethal, behavioral) were assessed after 9-Gy and 10-Gy exposures.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Combinations of sodium selenite with WR-2721 were also tested.

    • Main Results:

    • Both sodium selenite and selenomethionine enhanced 30-day survival in mice irradiated at 9 Gy.
    • Selenomethionine significantly increased survival after 10-Gy exposure.
    • Selenomethionine exhibited lower lethal and behavioral toxicity than sodium selenite at equivalent Se doses.
    • Sodium selenite combined with WR-2721 enhanced radioprotection and reduced WR-2721's lethal toxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium compounds, particularly selenomethionine, demonstrate significant radioprotective capabilities.
    • Selenomethionine presents a favorable profile with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity.
    • Further research into prolonged Se administration for long-term radiation effects is warranted.