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Related Experiment Videos

Growing root, tuber and nut crops hydroponically for CELSS.

W A Hill1, D G Mortley, C L Mackowiak

  • 1George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station, Tuskegee University, AL 36088.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Four subsurface crops, including potatoes and sweet potatoes, were grown in controlled hydroponic systems for space exploration. Optimal conditions yielded significant dry weight, demonstrating feasibility for life support systems.

Area of Science:

  • * Agricultural Science
  • * Space Biology
  • * Controlled Environment Agriculture

Background:

  • * NASA selected crops with subsurface edible parts for growth in controlled ecological life support systems.
  • * Potatoes, sweet potatoes, sugar beets, and peanuts are key candidates for space cultivation.
  • * These crops have been cultivated in various hydroponic systems, including open, closed, solid media, and liquid setups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To evaluate the growth and yield of specific subsurface crops in controlled hydroponic environments.
  • * To identify effective lighting and temperature conditions for maximizing crop production.
  • * To assess the potential of these crops for supporting human life in space.

Main Methods:

  • * Cultivation of potatoes, sweet potatoes, sugar beets, and peanuts in hydroponic systems.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Life Support SystemsNASA Discipline Number 61-10NASA Program CELSSNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • * Utilization of fluorescent, fluorescent plus incandescent, and high-pressure sodium plus metal halide lamps for illumination.
  • * Implementation of continuous light and specific day/night temperature regimes (16°C and 28/22°C).

    • Main Results:

    • * Highest yields achieved for potatoes (4685 g m-2) and sweet potatoes (2541 g m-2) under specific conditions.
    • * Significant dry weight yields were recorded for sugar beets (1151 g m-2) and peanuts (207 g m-2).
    • * Fluorescent, fluorescent plus incandescent, and high-pressure sodium plus metal halide lighting proved effective.

    Conclusions:

    • * Hydroponic systems are viable for cultivating subsurface crops for space missions.
    • * Specific lighting and temperature strategies can optimize crop yields.
    • * These findings support the integration of selected crops into future life support systems for long-duration spaceflight.