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Related Experiment Videos

Biosphere 2: a prototype project for a permanent and evolving life system for Mars base.

M Nelson1, J P Allen, W F Dempster

  • 1Institute of Ecotechnics, London, U.K.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Biosphere 2 is a closed ecological system designed for space habitation research. This project tests bioregenerative technologies for long-term life support systems, crucial for space exploration.

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Area of Science:

  • Space exploration
  • Ecological engineering
  • Life support systems

Background:

  • Space Biospheres Ventures (SBV) initiated the Biosphere 2 project for ground-based preparation of long-term space habitation.
  • Biosphere 2 is a materially-closed facility designed to simulate extraterrestrial environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To serve as a prototype and testbed for stable, permanent life support systems for human space exploration, particularly Mars missions.
  • To gain insights into the functioning of complex life systems essential for long-term space habitation.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of seven distinct biomes: rainforest, savannah, desert, marsh, ocean, intensive agriculture, and human habitat.
  • Development and implementation of unique bioregenerative technologies, including soil bed reactors for air purification and aquatic waste processing.

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  • Utilizing real-time analytic and complex computer monitoring and control systems for operational management.

    • Main Results:

    • The facility is designed to be materially-closed, allowing only energy and information exchange with the external environment.
    • Incorporates advanced life support technologies to maintain a complex, self-sustaining ecosystem.
    • Scheduled for a two-year closure period with a crew of eight in 1991.

    Conclusions:

    • Biosphere 2 operations will provide valuable data on the viability of complex life systems for space habitation.
    • The project serves as a critical experimental ground for developing technologies necessary for future human missions to Mars.