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Manned expedition to Mars: concepts & problems
1Institute of Medical & Biological Problems of Ministry of Health of USSR, Moscow.
Acta Astronautica
|January 1, 1991
Summary
This study explores the biomedical challenges of long interplanetary flights, including microgravity, radiation, and G-forces, and proposes technical solutions for a Mars mission.
Area of Science:
- Space Exploration
- Biomedical Engineering
- Astrobiology
Background:
- Interplanetary missions necessitate advanced spacecraft and robust life support systems.
- Long-duration spaceflight poses significant physiological and psychological challenges to astronauts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the general concepts of interplanetary spacecraft.
- To address the biomedical aspects and technical supply requirements for long interplanetary flights.
- To present a potential flight program for a Mars mission.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing knowledge on spaceflight physiological effects.
- Conceptualization of technical solutions for life support and protection.
- Development of a schematic program for a Mars mission.
Main Results:
- Identification of key flight factors: microgravity, linear and shock overload, and augmented radiation exposure (solar flares, galactic cosmic rays).
- Schematic reflection of biomedical problems and their technical solutions in tables.
- A proposed program for a Mars mission is presented.
Conclusions:
- Successful long-term interplanetary missions require comprehensive planning for biomedical challenges.
- Integrated technical solutions are crucial for astronaut health and mission success.
- Further research and development are needed to support human exploration of Mars.