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Related Experiment Videos

Radiobiological experiments with plant seeds aboard the biosatellite Kosmos 1887.

I D Anikeeva1, Akatov YuA, E N Vaulina

  • 1N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the USSR, Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D, Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

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Radiation protection dosimetry·2002

Spaceflight radiation significantly impacts plant seed viability and genetic integrity. Even with protective shielding, heavy charged particles cause chromosome damage, suggesting seeds act as biological dosimeters.

Area of Science:

  • * Space biology
  • * Astrobotany
  • * Radiation biology

Background:

  • * Spaceflight exposes biological organisms to unique environmental stressors.
  • * Understanding the impact of space radiation on plant genetics is crucial for future space exploration and agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the effects of spaceflight factors on Arabidopsis thaliana and Crepis capillaris seeds.
  • * To evaluate the protective efficacy of aluminum foil shielding against space radiation.
  • * To determine the role of heavy charged particles (HCP) in observed biological effects.

Main Methods:

  • * Seeds were exposed to spaceflight conditions inside a satellite and in open space.
  • * Seeds were subjected to varying levels of protection, including aluminum foil shielding and no shielding.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Number 00-00NASA Discipline Number 04-10NASA Discipline Radiation HealthNASA Program FlightNASA Program Radiation HealthNon-NASA Center

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  • * Viability, survival rate, fertility, and frequency of chromosome aberrations (CA) were assessed in grown plants.

    • Main Results:

    • * Unprotected seeds in open space showed suppressed viability, reduced survival and fertility, and increased chromosome aberrations.
    • * Aluminum foil shielding reduced viability suppression but paradoxically increased mutational changes and decreased plant survival/fertility.
    • * Increased shielding thickness generally reduced negative effects, except for CA and fertility, suggesting HCP as the primary cause.

    Conclusions:

    • * Spaceflight radiation, particularly heavy charged particles, induces significant genetic damage in plant seeds.
    • * Plant seeds can function as biological dosimeters for assessing space radiation and other environmental factors.
    • * Protective measures require careful consideration of their specific effects on different biological endpoints.