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Related Experiment Videos

The case for planetary sample return missions. 2. History of Mars.

J L Gooding1, M H Carr, C P McKay

  • 1NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Eos
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Returning Martian samples to Earth for analysis is crucial for understanding Mars's chemical composition, geological processes, and potential for past or present life. Advanced laboratory techniques on Earth ensure comprehensive scientific discovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrobiology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Exploration of Mars aims to determine its chemical and physical state.
  • Understanding Martian surface processes and their timelines is a key objective.
  • Assessing the planet's past and present biological potential is a primary scientific goal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the scientific objectives for Mars exploration.
  • To identify the best methods for achieving these objectives.
  • To advocate for Earth-based analysis of returned Martian samples.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed analysis of atmospheric gases.
  • Careful selection and analysis of diverse Martian samples (rocks, soils, ices).
  • High-fidelity mineral separations and complex chemical treatments.
Keywords:
NASA Center ARCNASA Discipline ExobiologyNASA Discipline Number 52-50NASA Program Exobiology

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Main Results:

  • Earth-based laboratory analysis of returned samples is deemed essential.
  • Advanced analytical strategies are required for key measurements.
  • Adaptability to unanticipated results is critical for comprehensive study.

Conclusions:

  • Earth-based analysis of returned Martian samples is the optimal approach.
  • This strategy best meets the principal science goals for Mars exploration.
  • It ensures high-fidelity measurements and adaptability for future discoveries.