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Related Experiment Videos

Functional and cellular adaptation to weightlessness in primates.

S C Bodine-Fowler1, D J Pierotti, R J Talmadge

  • 1Dept. Orthopaedics, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-9151, USA.

Journal of Gravitational Physiology : a Journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Spaceflight causes muscle atrophy, but Rhesus monkeys respond differently than rats. Differences in species, restraint, or exercise may explain varied hindlimb muscle responses to microgravity.

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Area of Science:

  • Spaceflight and microgravity research
  • Muscle physiology and adaptation
  • Comparative animal models in research

Background:

  • Unloading from spaceflight causes hindlimb muscle atrophy, with slow-twitch muscles like the soleus (Sol) being more affected than fast-twitch muscles.
  • Previous studies on microgravity's effects on muscles primarily used the unrestrained rat model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of microgravity on Rhesus monkey hindlimb muscles.
  • To compare the muscle response in Rhesus monkeys to that of rats under spaceflight conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Biopsies of selected hindlimb muscles were taken from Rhesus monkeys before and after spaceflights (Cosmos 2044 and 2229).
  • Spaceflights lasted 14 and 12 days, respectively.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline MusculoskeletalNASA Discipline Number 00-00NASA Program FlightNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • The Rhesus monkey's response to microgravity differs significantly from the rat's.
  • Specific muscles showed varied atrophy levels, indicating a species-specific response to unloading.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in muscle response to microgravity between monkeys and rats may be due to species variation.
  • Animal restraint methods (chair vs. free-floating) and potential counter-measures like resistive exercise could influence muscle adaptation to spaceflight.