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Comets, impacts, and atmospheres.

T Owen1, A Bar-Nun

  • 1University of Hawaii, Institute for Astronomy, Honolulu 96822, USA. owen@ifa.hawaii.edu

Icarus
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Comets delivered volatiles to inner planets, with nitrogen levels determined by formation temperature. A mix of comet types explains planetary volatile inventories, though Mars requires impact erosion.

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Astrochemistry
  • Cometary Science

Background:

  • Volatile delivery to terrestrial planets is crucial for understanding planetary formation and habitability.
  • Comets and asteroids are considered primary sources of volatiles like water and organic compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a model for volatile delivery to the inner planets via icy planetesimals (comets).
  • To investigate the role of formation temperature in gas trapping within cometary ices and its impact on volatile composition.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory simulations of gas trapping in ice at low temperatures to model comet nucleus formation.
  • Analysis of gas content and relative proportions trapped in ice as a function of temperature.

Main Results:

Keywords:
NASA Discipline ExobiologyNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Gas trapping efficiency, particularly for nitrogen (N2), is highly dependent on formation temperature.
  • Planetesimals formed closer to the Sun have lower nitrogen content, leading to C/N ratios similar to inner planets.
  • A mixture of three comet types can account for the volatile inventories of Venus, Earth, and Mars.

Conclusions:

  • Cometary volatile delivery is a viable model for inner planet composition.
  • Impact erosion is a necessary factor to explain Mars' current atmospheric state.
  • The model suggests potential for early clement conditions on Mars and proposes tests, including Galileo probe measurements.