Using bisensory feedback displays for space teleoperation

This paper investigates the use of tactile and auditory displays to present feedback to the pilot of a spacecraft or the operator of a space teleoperated system. Force feedback is given particular attention for teleoperator scenarios in the presence of a time delay. The motivation for and potential benefits of developing bisensory feedback displays are identified. Pioneering research in developing auditory and tactile displays is discussed. Several models of the human operator concerning the processing of bisensory information are outlined, along with a discussion of presenting redundant information across sensory modalities. Preliminary experimental results concerning sensory substitution of force feedback with a vibrotactile display are presented along with future research plans.