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Dextrous hands: human, prosthetic, and robotic.

L Jones1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA. ljones@mit.edu

Presence (Cambridge, Mass.)
|February 1, 1997
PubMed
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Human hand sensory and motor performance data can evaluate prosthetic and robotic hands. Current robotic hands excel in motor tasks but lack sensory processing, highlighting a key area for future development.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Robotics
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • The human hand possesses complex sensory and motor functions crucial for interaction with the environment.
  • Evaluating artificial hands (prosthetic and robotic) requires comprehensive performance benchmarks based on human hand capabilities.
  • Existing prosthetic hands are primarily grasping tools, lacking sophisticated tactile feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sensory and motor capacities of the human hand.
  • To establish performance characteristics for evaluating prosthetic and robotic hands.
  • To identify areas for improvement in artificial hand technology, particularly in sensory processing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on human hand sensory systems (tactile, thermal, proprioceptive).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of data on sensor spatial density, sensitivity, and resolution.
  • Examination of challenges in quantifying human manual dexterity and motor performance.
  • Assessment of current prosthetic and robotic hand technologies.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed descriptions of human hand sensors and their capabilities are available.
    • Quantifying human motor performance and manual dexterity faces significant technological hurdles.
    • Prosthetic hands currently offer limited grasping functions without natural touch.
    • Dextrous robot hands demonstrate superior motor skills but lag in sensory processing.

    Conclusions:

    • Human hand sensory data provides a valuable framework for developing advanced prosthetic and robotic hands.
    • Improving sensory processing in artificial hands is critical for their functional equivalence to human hands.
    • Further research into human grasping and object information processing can significantly advance robotic hand technology.