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Energy utilization rates during shuttle extravehicular activities.

J M Waligora1, K V Kumar

  • 1Space Biomedical Research Institute, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

Acta Astronautica
|October 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Astronauts

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Area of Science:

  • Space exploration
  • Human physiology
  • Life support systems engineering

Background:

  • Extravehicular activity (EVA) energy utilization is critical for life support system design and assessing crew fatigue.
  • Shuttle program has accumulated extensive EVA data since 1983.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze metabolic rates during Space Shuttle EVAs.
  • To compare Shuttle EVA metabolic rates with previous missions (Apollo, Skylab).
  • To investigate factors influencing EVA energy expenditure.

Main Methods:

  • Measured metabolic rate via oxygen utilization, corrected for suit leakage.
  • Collected data at 2-minute intervals since 1987.
  • Analyzed average and interval data from 1983 onwards.

Main Results:

  • Average Shuttle EVA metabolic rate (194 kcal/hr) is lower than Apollo and Skylab missions.
  • Peak metabolic rates were infrequent, short-lived, and below design limits.
  • Task energy cost may decrease with increased astronaut training.

Conclusions:

  • Shuttle EVA energy demands are manageable and within life support design margins.
  • Training appears to reduce the energy cost of EVA tasks.
  • Data informs safety margins for life support and energy costs for future space station construction.
Keywords:
NASA Center JSCNASA Discipline Environmental Health

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