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Neurobiological problems in long-term deep space flights.

M E Vazquez1

  • 1Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Long-term space travel poses neurological risks to astronauts from radiation and microgravity. This review examines central nervous system (CNS) neuroplasticity changes and their impact on astronaut health and performance during deep space missions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Space Medicine
  • Astrobiology

Background:

  • Astronauts face significant risks from space radiation, microgravity, and physiological stress during long-duration missions beyond Earth's magnetic field.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on short-term effects of microgravity on neural control, leaving long-term consequences under-addressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neurobiological modifications in the central nervous system (CNS) due to space environment exposure.
  • To assess potential consequences for astronaut health and performance during extended deep space missions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on spaceflight effects on the CNS.
  • Analysis of molecular, cellular, and tissue-level changes related to neuroplasticity.

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  • Examination of combined effects of space stressors like radiation and microgravity.

    • Main Results:

    • Spaceflight factors, including radiation and microgravity, can induce detrimental neurological effects.
    • Long-term exposure may lead to irreversible changes in CNS neuroplasticity.
    • Interactions between spaceflight factors present a critical issue for CNS integrity.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding space-induced neurobiological changes is crucial for astronaut safety and mission success.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term effects on CNS neuroplasticity.
    • Mitigation strategies may be required to counteract negative neurological impacts of deep space exploration.