Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
Published on: April 14, 2016
Metabolic bone disease in the elderly. Biochemical studies in three different racial groups living in South Africa
Abstract:
In an attempt to detect biochemical evidence of metabolic bone disease in the aged, we measured plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, in addition to plasma calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase and creatinine levels, in elderly White, Black and Indian women. All three ethnic groups demonstrated raised mean PTH concentrations. The Black patients, however, showed the greatest mean PTH elevation and the lowest plasma calcium level. Increased PTH secretion in elderly females may reflect either an age-related decline in renal function or subclinical osteomalacia. Elderly Black women seem particularly susceptible to the latter disorder, probably because of dietary and environmental factors.
Related Concept Videos
What is the Skeletal System?
Bone Remodeling
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

