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[Anesthesia for patients with intestinal obstruction].

M J Ungerer, C J Nel

    South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif Vir Geneeskunde
    |June 14, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review covers pre- and intra-operative care for acute intestinal obstruction, focusing on managing hypovolemia, sepsis, and electrolyte imbalances. It emphasizes preventing aspiration and outlines safe anesthesia and fluid therapy techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Surgical care
    • Anesthesiology
    • Critical care medicine

    Context:

    • Acute intestinal obstruction presents significant pre-operative challenges including hypovolemia, sepsis, and electrolyte disturbances.
    • Effective management requires careful evaluation and treatment of these critical patient conditions.
    • Preventing regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents is paramount during the perioperative period.

    Purpose:

    • To review essential pre- and intra-operative management strategies for patients experiencing acute intestinal obstruction.
    • To highlight the critical pre-operative issues and their respective treatments.
    • To detail safe anesthetic techniques and intra-operative fluid management.

    Summary:

    • Key pre-operative concerns include hypovolemia, sepsis, and acid-base/electrolyte imbalances, necessitating prompt evaluation and correction.
    • Preventing aspiration of stomach contents is crucial, with described methods for risk mitigation.
    • Optimal intra-operative care involves safe anesthetic induction and maintenance, appropriate muscle relaxation, and judicious fluid therapy.

    Impact:

    • Improved patient outcomes through optimized perioperative management of acute intestinal obstruction.
    • Enhanced understanding of critical care interventions for surgical patients with gastrointestinal emergencies.
    • Guidance for clinicians on minimizing risks associated with anesthesia and fluid management in this high-risk patient population.

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