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Related Experiment Videos

Mantle hydrocarbons: abiotic or biotic?

R Sugisaki1, K Mimura

  • 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan.

Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Geobiology·2015

Heavier hydrocarbons, termed "mantle hydrocarbons," are found in mantle-derived rocks but not in igneous rocks. Their presence suggests origins from Fischer-Tropsch reactions, meteorites, or subduction, indicating hydrocarbons can survive mantle conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Petrology
  • Organic Geochemistry

Background:

  • Hydrocarbons are organic compounds essential to life and industry.
  • Their presence in deep Earth materials provides insights into geological processes and origins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of hydrocarbons in mantle-derived rocks.
  • To determine the origin and survival of these hydrocarbons under mantle conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 227 rock samples from 50 global localities.
  • Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for hydrocarbon identification.
  • Stable isotope analysis (delta 13C) for origin determination.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Heavier hydrocarbons (n-alkanes) found in tectonized peridotites and xenoliths, absent in gabbro and granite.
  • Hydrocarbons located along mineral grain boundaries and in fluid inclusions.
  • Presence of isoprenoids (pristane, phytane) and uniform delta 13C values (-27%).

    • Conclusions:

    • Hydrocarbons in mantle rocks ('mantle hydrocarbons') are distinct from crustal contamination.
    • Possible origins include abiogenic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, meteorite delivery, or biogenic subduction.
    • Hydrocarbons can survive mantle conditions but decompose to lighter gases upon magma intrusion into the crust.