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Active dosimetry on recent space flights.

R Beaujean1, J Kopp, G Reitz

  • 1Universitat Kiel, Germany.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Space radiation exposure in low Earth orbit was measured using silicon detectors. Galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) radiation dose rates and quality factors were determined for astronaut safety.

Area of Science:

  • Space radiation physics
  • Astrobiology and space medicine
  • High-energy particle detection

Background:

  • Low Earth orbit (LEO) presents significant radiation hazards from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and trapped radiation belts.
  • Accurate characterization of radiation exposure is crucial for astronaut health and mission planning.
  • Previous measurements often lack detailed linear energy transfer (LET) spectra, limiting accurate dose equivalent calculations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify radiation exposure inside a spacecraft in LEO.
  • To measure dose and LET spectra for both GCR and South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) radiation.
  • To determine effective quality factors and mission-averaged dose equivalent rates according to ICRP 60 guidelines.

Main Methods:

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  • Utilized a telescope with two silicon planar detectors during three NASA shuttle-to-MIR missions.
  • Measured count and dose rate profiles at an inclination of 51.6 degrees and an altitude of approximately 380 km.
  • Separately analyzed LET spectra for GCR and SAA radiation, converting them to dose in water for quality factor determination.

    • Main Results:

    • Mission-averaged dose rates in silicon were 98-108 microGy/day (GCR) and 137-178 microGy/day (SAA).
    • Deduced effective quality factors ranged from 2.95-3.29 for GCR and 1.18-1.25 for SAA.
    • Resulting mission-averaged dose equivalent rates were 631-716 microSv/day.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides detailed in-flight measurements of space radiation exposure in LEO.
    • SAA radiation contributes significantly to the overall dose equivalent rate experienced by astronauts.
    • The determined quality factors and dose rates are essential for refining radiation protection strategies in spaceflight.