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Related Experiment Videos

High constitutional nitrate status in young cattle.

J W Blum1, C Morel, H M Hammon

  • 1Division of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Berne, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, CH-3012, Berne, Switzerland. juerg.blum@itz.unibe.ch

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
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Newborn calves exhibit high endogenous nitrate+nitrite (NOx-) levels, primarily nitrate, which decrease with age. This early high NOx- status may increase calf susceptibility to nitrite/nitrate intoxication.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nitrate and nitrite (NOx-) are ingested or endogenously produced, posing health concerns due to potential intoxication and links to various diseases.
  • Understanding NOx- status is crucial for animal health, particularly in vulnerable young animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ontogenetic and nutritional influences on nitrate+nitrite (NOx-) status in cattle, with a focus on calves.
  • To quantify NOx- concentrations in blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and urine across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • NOx- concentration was measured using the Griess reaction after nitrate conversion to nitrite by nitrate reductase.
  • Nitrate levels were determined by subtracting nitrite values from total NOx-.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Samples were collected from calves of varying gestational lengths, ages, and from heifers and cows.

    • Main Results:

    • Newborn calves showed significantly high plasma, salivary, and urinary NOx- concentrations, predominantly nitrate (>97% in plasma, saliva, urine).
    • NOx- levels decreased rapidly post-birth, reaching low levels in heifers and undetectable levels in adult cows.
    • Colostrum management and feeding intensity did not significantly affect the NOx- status in neonatal calves.

    Conclusions:

    • Calves exhibit substantial endogenous nitrate formation, leading to high NOx- status at birth, which diminishes with age.
    • The high endogenous nitrate levels in young calves may heighten their susceptibility to exogenous nitrite and nitrate ingestion.
    • Age-related changes in NOx- metabolism are significant in cattle, impacting health and disease susceptibility.