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Updated: Aug 10, 2026
Fixed Volume or Fixed Pressure: A Murine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
Published on: June 6, 2011
Hematopoietic failure after hemorrhagic shock is mediated partially through mesenteric lymph
D J Anjaria1, P Rameshwar, E A Deitch
1Department of Surgery, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Objective:
To determine whether hemorrhagic shock-induced bone marrow failure is mediated by the gut through the production of toxic mesenteric lymph and whether shock-induced bone marrow failure could be prevented by division of the mesenteric lymphatics.
Design:
Prospective, controlled study.
Setting:
University surgical research laboratory.
Subjects:
Male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Interventions:
Rats were divided into five groups: unmanipulated controls (n = 12), hemorrhagic shock with laparotomy (n = 8), hemorrhagic shock with mesenteric lymph duct ligation (n = 10), sham shock with laparotomy (n = 6), and sham shock with mesenteric lymph duct ligation (n = 7). At either 3 or 6 hrs after resuscitation, bone marrow was obtained for determination of early (cobblestone forming cells) and late (granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit and erythroid burst forming unit) hematopoietic progenitor cell growth. Parallel cultures were plated with plasma (1% and 2% v/v) from all groups to determine the effect of lymphatic ligation on hematopoiesis.
Measurements And Main Results:
Bone marrow cellularity, cobblestone forming cells, granulocyte-macrophage colony forming unit, and erythroid burst forming unit growth in rats subjected to hemorrhagic with lymph duct ligation were similar to those observed in sham-treated animals and significantly greater than in rats subjected to shock and laparotomy without lymphatic duct ligation. Plasma from rats subjected to shock without lymph ligation was inhibitory to hematopoietic progenitor cell growth. In contrast, this shock-induced inhibition was not observed with plasma obtained from shocked rats that underwent mesenteric lymph ligation.
Conclusions:
Hemorrhagic shock suppresses bone marrow hematopoiesis as measured by a decrease in early and late progenitor cell growth. This suppression appears mediated through mesenteric lymph as the effect is abrogated by mesenteric lymph duct ligation. These data clearly demonstrate a link between the gut and bone marrow failure after hemorrhagic shock
Insights
Hemorrhagic shock impairs bone marrow hematopoiesis. Mesenteric lymph duct ligation prevents this bone marrow failure, indicating the gut mediates shock-induced bone marrow suppression.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Research
Background:
- Hemorrhagic shock can lead to bone marrow failure.
- The gut's role in this process is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if toxic mesenteric lymph mediates hemorrhagic shock-induced bone marrow failure.
- To determine if ligating mesenteric lymphatics can prevent this bone marrow failure.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, controlled study was conducted on male Sprague-Dawley rats.
- Rats underwent hemorrhagic shock with or without mesenteric lymph duct ligation.
- Bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cell growth was assessed post-resuscitation.
Main Results:
- Mesenteric lymph duct ligation prevented the decrease in bone marrow cellularity and progenitor cell growth observed in shocked rats.
- Plasma from shocked rats without ligation inhibited hematopoietic progenitor cell growth, while plasma from ligated rats did not.
Conclusions:
- Hemorrhagic shock suppresses bone marrow hematopoiesis.
- This suppression is mediated by the gut via mesenteric lymph.
- Mesenteric lymph duct ligation abrogates shock-induced bone marrow failure.
Related Concept Videos
01:01Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology