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Related Experiment Videos

Diminished plasma cGMP during weightlessness.

A Roessler1, H Hinghofer-Szalkay, V Noskov

  • 1Department of Physiology, Karl-Franzens University, Graz, Austria.

Journal of Gravitational Physiology : a Journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology
|July 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated hormonal changes in cosmonauts during long-term space flight. Researchers found complete suppression of plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) during space missions, a novel finding in space physiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Space Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Orthostatic stress is a concern for astronauts during space missions.
  • Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) simulates orthostatic stress and can elicit cardiovascular and endocrine responses.
  • Previous studies noted altered hormone levels in space, but specific second messengers like cGMP were not well-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of long-term space flight on plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP).
  • To assess the utility of cGMP as an indicator of ANP activity under spaceflight conditions.
  • To report novel findings on cGMP levels during extended space missions.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment was conducted on a cosmonaut aboard the MIR space station as part of the Russian long-term flight (RLF) project.

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  • Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) was used to induce orthostatic stress.
  • Plasma concentrations of ANP and cGMP were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Altered steady-state plasma concentrations of volume-sensitive hormones were observed inflight and postflight.
    • A significant depression in plasma cGMP concentration was observed during space flight, more pronounced than the decline in ANP.
    • This study reports the first measurement and complete suppression of plasma cGMP during long-term space stay.

    Conclusions:

    • Space flight significantly impacts endocrine responses, particularly affecting the ANP-cGMP system.
    • Plasma cGMP levels may serve as a sensitive indicator of cardiovascular adaptation and stress during space missions.
    • The complete suppression of plasma cGMP during long-term space flight is a novel finding requiring further investigation into its physiological implications.