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Related Experiment Videos

Lipid metabolism during fasting.

M D Jensen1, K Ekberg, B R Landau

  • 1Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|September 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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During fasting, the body reesterifies free fatty acids (FFA) at a much higher rate than previously thought, with significant contributions from non-liver tissues. Peripheral FFA reesterification surpasses intracellular oxidation.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Physiology
  • Human Metabolism
  • Nutritional Biochemistry

Background:

  • Understanding free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism is crucial for metabolic health, especially during fasting.
  • Systemic and regional FFA kinetics provide insights into substrate utilization and energy balance.
  • Previous research has focused on overnight fasting; extended fasting requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between systemic free fatty acid (FFA) reesterification and regional FFA, glycerol, and triglyceride metabolism during prolonged fasting.
  • To quantify FFA and glycerol kinetics in splanchnic, renal, and leg tissues during a 60-hour fast.
  • To compare systemic FFA reesterification with splanchnic triglyceride fatty acid output.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized indirect calorimetry to measure fatty acid oxidation in six men.
  • Employed stable isotope tracers ([(3)H]palmitate and [(3)H]glycerol) to measure systemic and regional FFA and glycerol kinetics.
  • Assessed splanchnic triglyceride release to quantify very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride fatty acid export.

    • Main Results:

    • Systemic FFA reesterification (366 ± 93 µmol/min) significantly exceeded splanchnic triglyceride fatty acid output (64 ± 6 µmol/min).
    • Glycerol uptake was predominantly observed in splanchnic and renal beds, with some uptake in leg tissues.
    • Regional FFA release rates remained proportional to overnight postabsorptive levels, despite doubled systemic FFA release.

    Conclusions:

    • During prolonged fasting, nonhepatic (peripheral) FFA reesterification is a major metabolic pathway, exceeding splanchnic triglyceride fatty acid output.
    • Peripheral FFA reesterification rates are higher than simultaneous intracellular triglyceride fatty acid oxidation.
    • These findings highlight the importance of peripheral tissues in managing free fatty acid flux during extended fasting states.