CD2AP and p130Cas localize to different F-actin structures in podocytes

T Welsch1, N Endlich, W Kriz

  • 1Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology I, University of Heidelberg, INF 307, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.

Insights

Mice lacking CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) develop kidney failure. This study shows CD2AP regulates dynamic actin in podocyte foot processes, distinct from p130Cas

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mice lacking CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) exhibit progressive renal failure, proteinuria, and foot process effacement.
  • CD2AP interacts with T cell protein CD2 and docking protein p130Cas.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying CD2AP-deficient nephropathy remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the localization and function of CD2AP and p130Cas in mouse glomeruli and cultured podocytes.
  • To elucidate the roles of CD2AP and p130Cas in podocyte actin dynamics and kidney function.

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy in mouse glomeruli and cultured podocytes.
  • Colocalization studies with F-actin, vinculin, Arp2/3 complex, cortactin, actinin-4, and actinin-1.
  • Analysis of CD2AP and p130Cas distribution in relation to cellular structures.

Main Results:

  • CD2AP and p130Cas colocalize with F-actin in podocyte foot processes in vivo.
  • In cultured podocytes, p130Cas localizes to focal adhesions, while CD2AP associates with dynamic F-actin structures at the leading edge and in cytoplasmic spots.
  • CD2AP-containing spots are linked to the Arp2/3 complex, cortactin, and actinin-4, indicating a role in actin assembly.

Conclusions:

  • CD2AP and p130Cas exhibit distinct localizations and functions within podocytes.
  • p130Cas is involved in focal adhesions, whereas CD2AP regulates dynamic actin assembly in podocyte foot processes.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of CD2AP-related kidney disease.

Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.
Cytoskeletal Accessory Proteins01:13

Cytoskeletal Accessory Proteins

The cytoskeleton is an essential cell component that plays several structural and functional roles. However, the filaments that make up the cytoskeleton cannot function independently and depend on the accessory or ancillary proteins to effectively carry out their function. Accessory proteins associate with cytoskeletal filaments and their monomers, aiding filament formation and function. They also help in the cross-communication among cytoskeletal filaments. Cytoskeletal accessory proteins are...