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Renal artery aneurysm causing hydronephrosis.
1Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan. miyagawa@uro.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
Summary
A renal artery aneurysm compressing the ureter caused hydronephrosis. Surgical repair successfully relieved the obstruction, highlighting the utility of 3D CT in diagnosing this rare condition.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Vascular Surgery
- Radiology
Background:
- Renal artery aneurysms are rare vascular abnormalities.
- Aneurysms can cause significant complications, including hydronephrosis due to extrinsic compression.
- Diagnosis and management require advanced imaging and surgical expertise.
Observation:
- A 42-year-old man presented with incidentally discovered left hydronephrosis.
- Imaging revealed a 30 mm non-calcified renal artery aneurysm compressing the pyeloureteral junction.
- Three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) precisely delineated the aneurysm's location and involvement of the anterior segmental artery.
Findings:
- The renal artery aneurysm was successfully treated with aneurysmectomy and in situ revascularization.
- This intervention effectively relieved the pyeloureteral junction compression and resolved the hydronephrosis.
- A literature review identified 15 reported cases of renal artery aneurysms causing hydronephrosis, with most cases documented in Japan.
Implications:
- Three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) is highly recommended for the accurate evaluation of renal artery aneurysms.
- Surgical intervention, including aneurysmectomy and revascularization, can effectively treat hydronephrosis caused by renal artery aneurysms.
- Increased awareness and reporting of such cases are crucial for understanding the epidemiology and management of this rare condition.