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Related Experiment Videos

Muscle dysmorphia: a South African sample.

V Hitzeroth1, C Wessels, N Zungu-Dirwayi

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
|September 14, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Muscle dysmorphia, a preoccupation with muscularity, is common in bodybuilders and often co-occurs with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). This study supports muscle dysmorphia as a valid subtype of BDD.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Muscle dysmorphia is proposed as a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
  • Limited research exists on the phenomenology of muscle dysmorphia.
  • Understanding muscle dysmorphia is crucial for clinical and research purposes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of muscle dysmorphia in competitive bodybuilders.
  • To examine the relationship between muscle dysmorphia and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
  • To assess the validity of muscle dysmorphia as a subtype of BDD.

Main Methods:

  • A structured diagnostic interview was administered to 28 amateur competitive bodybuilders.
  • The interview collected demographic data, body-building activity information, and clinical details on muscle dysmorphia and BDD.

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  • Proposed diagnostic criteria for muscle dysmorphia were utilized.

    • Main Results:

    • A high prevalence of muscle dysmorphia was observed (53.6%) in the sample.
    • Individuals with muscle dysmorphia were significantly more likely to have comorbid BDD related to non-muscular concerns (33%).
    • The findings support the proposed diagnostic criteria for muscle dysmorphia.

    Conclusions:

    • Muscle dysmorphia is a common and relevant clinical entity among bodybuilders.
    • The conceptualization of muscle dysmorphia as a subtype of BDD appears valid.
    • Further clinical and research attention is warranted for muscle dysmorphia.