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[Risk factors of venous thromboembolism].
1Katedry i Kliniki Pneumonologii Slaskiej Akademii Medycznej w Katowicach.
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|September 15, 2001
Summary
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), has numerous acquired and genetic risk factors. Identifying thrombophilia, or genetic predisposition to blood clots, is crucial for managing VTE recurrence and prevention.
Area of Science:
- Medical Science
- Hematology
- Genetics
Context:
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant health concern with two primary manifestations: deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
- VTE arises from a complex interplay of acquired risk factors and genetic predispositions, collectively known as thrombophilia.
Purpose:
- To delineate the spectrum of known acquired and genetic risk factors contributing to venous thromboembolism (VTE).
- To emphasize the clinical significance of identifying specific thrombophilias in patients with VTE, particularly those with recurrent events or family history.
Summary:
- Acquired VTE risk factors include advanced age, immobility, surgery, trauma, cancer, cardiovascular events, hormonal therapies, pregnancy, and prior VTE.
- Key genetic thrombophilias include Factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210A, deficiencies in Protein C, Protein S, and Antithrombin, alongside hyperhomocysteinemia and fibrinolytic abnormalities.
- Genetic predisposition is found in up to one-third of VTE patients and over half of those with familial thrombosis, necessitating targeted screening.
Impact:
- Early detection of thrombophilia aids in risk stratification for recurrent VTE and guides prophylactic strategies.
- Identifying specific genetic defects, such as antithrombin deficiency, can reveal an 8-10 fold increased risk for subsequent VTE events.
- This knowledge supports the implementation of chronic thrombosis prevention measures in high-risk individuals and families.