[Four cases of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome]

We reported four children cases with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain demonstrated reversible multiple cortical and subcortical lesions predominant in the occipital region. All patients presented with neurological symptoms associated with hypertension, such as headache, seizures and visual disturbances, which were successfully treated with antihypertensive therapy. Although RPLS is rare in childhood, characteristic lesions on MRI in the hypertensive children should be recognized as manifestations of RPLS. Subsequent clinical management should focus on the treatment of the hypertension and/or its underlying causes.