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Kinin system in lupus nephritis.

R Dellalibera-Joviliano1, M L Reis, E A Donadi

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

International Immunopharmacology
|September 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

The kinin system, including kininogens and kallikreins, is significantly elevated in patients with active lupus nephritis. These findings suggest the kinin system

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the kinin system's role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • The kinin system involves kininogens, kallikreins, and kininases, playing roles in inflammation and blood pressure regulation.
  • Lupus nephritis, a severe SLE manifestation, involves complex inflammatory pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plasma and urinary levels and activities of key kinin system components in patients with active lupus nephritis.
  • To investigate the involvement of the kinin system in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 30 patients with active lupus nephritis and 30 matched controls.
  • Measured plasma levels of high-molecular weight kininogen (HKg) and low-molecular weight kininogen (LKg) via ELISA.
  • Assessed plasma and urinary activities of plasma kallikrein, tissue kallikrein, and kininase II using enzymatic assays.
  • Statistical analysis performed using the Mann-Whitney test.

Main Results:

  • Significantly increased plasma levels of HKg, LKg, and plasma kallikrein were observed in lupus nephritis patients (p < 0.001).
  • Plasma and urinary activities of tissue kallikrein and kininase II were also significantly elevated (p < 0.001).
  • Urinary activities of tissue kallikrein and kininase II were notably higher (at least sevenfold) than plasma activities in patients.

Conclusions:

  • The kinin system is demonstrably involved in the acute phase of lupus nephritis.
  • Elevated kinin system activity may contribute to immune complex deposition and pro-inflammatory mediator release in lupus nephritis.
  • Further research into kinin system modulation could offer novel therapeutic strategies for lupus nephritis.

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