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Related Concept Videos

Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the adult...
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The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
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All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
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A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary or...
Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...

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Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
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Published on: May 6, 2014

A complete stylohyoid bone with a stylohyoid joint.

D J Kay1, G Har-El, F E Lucente

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, 11201, USA.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|September 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Complete ossification of the stylohyoid ligament, a rare condition, is presented. This rare finding may represent an extreme manifestation of cervicopharyngeal pain syndromes.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Elongation of the styloid process and ossification of the stylohyoid ligament are linked to various clinical conditions.
  • Partial ossification of the stylohyoid ligament is relatively common, but complete ossification is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • This report details a rare case of complete ossification of the stylohyoid ligament.

Findings:

  • The presented case of complete stylohyoid ligament ossification is a rare finding.
  • This condition may represent the most severe presentation within the spectrum of cervicopharyngeal pain syndromes.

Implications:

  • Understanding this rare condition expands the spectrum of cervicopharyngeal pain syndromes.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare anatomical variations in diagnosing head and neck pain.