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Regulated gene expression dictates enamel structure and tooth function.

M L Paine1, S N White, W Luo

  • 1University of Southern California, Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. paine@hsc.usc.edu

Matrix Biology : Journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology
|September 22, 2001
PubMed
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This review explores enamel formation, detailing how gene expression and protein matrix assembly create the tooth

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Enamel is a complex bioceramic tissue formed during organogenesis.
  • Ameloblasts, derived from ectoderm, are key cells in enamel matrix production.
  • The dentine-enamel junction represents a unique biological interface.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review selected advances in understanding enamel biology.
  • To present a model of enamel formation.
  • To link gene expression to matrix assembly and structural properties.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic, molecular, and structural aspects of enamel biology.
  • Analysis of gene expression during amelogenesis.
  • Examination of extracellular protein matrix assembly.

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Main Results:

  • Enamel formation is a highly regulated process involving specific gene activity and protein expression.
  • The extracellular protein matrix controls enamel's structural hierarchy.
  • A model is presented linking gene expression to matrix assembly and mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding enamel formation requires integrating genetic, molecular, and structural data.
  • The protein matrix plays a crucial role in determining enamel's mechanical integrity.
  • This integrated model advances our knowledge of tooth organ development.