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Related Experiment Videos

Enteral compared with parenteral nutrition: a meta-analysis.

C L Braunschweig1, P Levy, P M Sheean

  • 1Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA. braunsch@uic.edu

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|September 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Enteral nutrition via tube feeding or standard oral diets significantly reduces infection risk compared to parenteral nutrition. However, standard care may increase mortality and infection risk in malnourished patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Outcomes of enteral nutrition (tube feeding, standard oral diets) versus parenteral nutrition remain unclear.
  • Comparison of nutrition interventions, complications, and mortality is essential for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and statistically aggregate results from prospective randomized clinical trials (PRCTs).
  • To examine the relationships between nutrition interventions, complications, and mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a MEDLINE search for PRCTs comparing enteral and parenteral nutrition in adults.
  • Utilized fixed-effects meta-analysis to combine relative risks (RRs) for infection, complications, and mortality.
  • Data abstraction performed independently by two individuals.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-seven studies involving 1828 patients met the inclusion criteria.
  • Tube feeding (RR: 0.64) and standard care (RR: 0.77) showed significantly lower infection risk than parenteral nutrition.
  • In malnourished populations, standard care was associated with higher mortality (RR: 3.0) and a trend toward increased infection risk.

Conclusions:

  • Enteral nutrition (tube feeding and standard care) is linked to a reduced risk of infection compared to parenteral nutrition.
  • Standard oral care may elevate mortality and infection risk in malnourished patient groups.
  • Parenteral nutrition should be carefully considered in malnourished populations due to potential increased risks.