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Stroke subtypes in Sri Lanka--a hospital based study.

S B Gunatilake1, B A Jayasekera, A P Premawardene

  • 1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya.

The Ceylon Medical Journal
|September 26, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study in Sri Lanka found that cerebral infarction was the most common stroke subtype, followed by intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Lacunar strokes were more frequent in Sri Lanka compared to Western and Eastern countries.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on stroke subtypes in Sri Lanka due to a lack of brain imaging facilities in public hospitals.
  • Private hospitals in Colombo offer advanced diagnostics like CT scans, enabling stroke subtype research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of different stroke subtypes among patients admitted to two private hospitals in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
  • To provide crucial data on stroke epidemiology in a region with limited existing research.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted on 103 consecutive first-ever stroke patients between May 1995 and August 1996.
  • Stroke diagnosis followed the WHO definition, excluding transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).
  • Computerised tomography (CT) scans confirmed the pathological subtype in 99 patients.

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Main Results:

  • The study included patients aged 37-94 years (mean 64.5), with 87% over 50.
  • Cerebral infarction (CI) constituted 74.7%, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) 19.1%, and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) 6.2% of confirmed stroke subtypes.
  • Among cerebral infarcts, lacunar strokes accounted for 41%.

Conclusions:

  • Stroke subtype proportions in Sri Lanka appear intermediate between Western and Eastern countries.
  • Lacunar strokes are notably more common in Sri Lanka than in other reported populations.
  • Methodological differences necessitate caution when directly comparing these findings with international stroke studies.