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Updated: Jul 22, 2026
07:43
Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Disorders of prolactin secretion.
1Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA. molitch@northwestern.edu
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|September 27, 2001
Summary
Prolactinomas, tumors causing high prolactin levels, often lead to reproductive issues. Medical treatments like bromocriptine or cabergoline are typically effective, with surgery as a secondary option.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Reproductive Medicine
Background:
- Prolactinomas are common pituitary tumors.
- They are a frequent cause of reproductive and sexual dysfunction.
- Hyperprolactinemia requires exclusion of other causes before diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for prolactinomas.
- To discuss the efficacy and tolerability of different treatment modalities.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis involves excluding other causes of hyperprolactinemia.
- Imaging studies like MRI or CT are used to determine tumor size and extent.
- Treatment strategies include medical therapy and surgery.
Main Results:
- Medical therapy is the primary treatment for prolactinomas.
- Bromocriptine is preferred for infertility indications due to its safety.
- Cabergoline shows higher efficacy and better tolerability for other indications.
- Transsphenoidal surgery is an option for specific cases, particularly microadenomas unresponsive to medication.
Conclusions:
- Prolactinomas can be effectively managed with medical therapy.
- Medication choice depends on the specific indication and patient tolerance.
- Surgery is reserved for refractory cases or specific tumor types.
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